Migration refers to the movement of individuals across space and time in response to push and pull factors. The COVID-19 pandemic has witnessed heart-wrenching instances of migration, with both push and pull factors exerting a terrible desperation and attraction. On the other hand, migration has become a natural part of the human life process, blending both aspiration and survival. This book delves deeper into the elicitation of facts, perceptions, factors, and impacts of migration in the realm of rural social ecology. The detailed empirical interpretation of the causes of migration, coupled with strong conceptual inputs, makes this book an essential read for scholars, faculty members, research organizations, and professionals across various disciplines.

Prof. (Dr.) Sankar Kr Acharya, presently, Dean, Post Graduate Studies; former Head, Department of Agril Extension and Director, Extension Education, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, WB, born on 6th October, 1960, started his career as Assistant Professor at BCKV in 1988 and has been in teaching, research and extension over 35 years. An erudite teacher as well as an elegant speaker, is internationally acclaimed for his unique

research domain of Social Entropy and Energy Metabolism, Social Ecology and Environmental Sociology, Enterprise Ecology Framework, Farm Stewardships: The Transition from Conservation, Technology Socialization Process, and The Social Ecology of Livelihood, which have got tremendous policy as well as scholastic importance. Research Publication: 247 in National and International Journals. Book Publication: 110 books authored / co-authored. Expert Member, Agriculture Commission; Marketing and Extension Sub Committee, Govt. of West Bengal; Expert member WWF projects in BTR (Buxa Tiger Reserve Project); Expert member; DFID project on Primary Education (DPEP); Rapid Environment Impact Analysis, Visited Italy, France, Germany, China, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. Delivered 31 Key note addresses, 13, invited and lead speakers in International Congress, Chaired 19 Sessions in International conferences, and Editors of a score of national and international journals. He has so far been awarded with 15 best paper awards in National and International Conferences Organizing Secretary of two International Conferences, held in the years, 2016 & 2018, Jointly Organized by Department of Agricultural Extension, BCKV, WB and Krishisanskriti, New Delhi. He has also been honoured to be selected as the Convener of Panel (PE-32) entitled The hunger, poverty and silence, of IUAES, University of Manchester, UK, 2013 .Co-PI of ICAR, NAHEP and World Bank funded project on Conservation Agriculture. So, far he has successfully guided 19 Ph D scholars, of which one awarded with DAAD fellowship, Germany and two other placed as visiting scholars at Ohio State University and Cornel University, 2020-21, USA; 83 M Sc students from BCKV CU, KU, Vidyasagar University. He is the fellow of ISEE, IARI, New Delhi, Fellow, BIOVED, He is now acting as editor, reviewer of a good number of national and international journals. Fellow Award, ISEE(ICAR-IARI, New Delhi), 2019 Awards and Distinctions: Distinguish Scholar Award, Krishisanskriti, New Delhi; Certificate of Merit for standing First class first at M Sc(Ag) in Agricultural Extension, 1986; Honorary Appointment to the Research Board of Advisors, The American Biographic Institute (2003); He has been honored to be selected as the Convener of Panel (PE-32) entitled the hunger, poverty and silence, of World Congress, IUAES, University of Manchester, UK, 2013 ;He has been honored to be selected as the Convener of Panel (P-102) entitled, Uncertainties, Unpredictability and Marginalization: The impact and mitigation for survival of agriculture and humanity, of the 19th World Congress, IUAES-WAU, 14-20 October, 2023, New Delhi, India, 2023; Honored to be nominated as Expert Member, Working group on Agricultural

Extension and Training, West Bengal State Agriculture Commission (2007); Honored to be nominated by the Hon’ble Vice-Chancellor, BCKV to Act as an Expert Member, DPEP, A DFID, UK, project for planning and revamping primary education through POA of GOVT of India.(1995) Expert Member, Buxa Tiger Reserve Project funded by WWF(World Wide Wild Life Funding), 1998; Distinguished Professor and Academician Award, Research Education Solution (RES), M S Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Centurion University(2022); Diamond Achievers Award, Council for Academic Performance and Appraisal, New Delhi(2022); Honorary Fellowship Award, BIOVED Research Institute of Agriculture and Technology, Prayagraj on Occasion of Agricultural Scientists and Farmers’ Congress. Achievers of German patent (Utility model no. 20202310273): Novel LOT based inventory management system with radio controlled pallet racking for storage solution. He is Fellow of the very prestigious West Bengal Academy of Science and Technology (WAST)

Debdyuti Roy. completed his B.Sc (Ag) from B.CK.V., Mohanpur Campus, Nadia in the year of 2019. He subsequently completed his M.Sc(Ag) in Agricultural Extension from B.C.K.V., Mohanpur Campus, Nadia with securing 9.07 OGPA out of 10 in the year of 2021. His thesis work, under the guidance of Prof S K Acharya, was entitled “Migration and Adaptation during Pandemic: A Socio-ecological Approach. His research paper has been published in Indian Journal of Extension Education Vol.59 No.1 (2023)(Jan- Mar),2023. At present, he works as an Agronomist (Senior Officer) (Crop Nutrition) in Coromandel International Ltd.

1. Introduction 2.Citation and Literature 3. Setting and Social Ecology 4. Research Methodology, 5. The Case Study and Visualization 6. Summary and Conclusion 7. Future Scope of the Study