This book brings together practical, step-by-step protocols that cover the full spectrum of veterinary anatomy and allied laboratory techniques. Part I focuses on gross specimen work—embalming of animals, bone collection and preparation for osteology, museum curation (including taxidermy and alternative teaching tools), glycerin preservation of large specimens, and embryonic/foetal age estimation for developmental studies. Part II presents core histological methods from fixation and paraffin embedding to microtomy and routine/special staining. Detailed chapters address tissue-specific needs (bone, eye, endocrine organs), classic stains (H&E) and targeted protocols for mucopolysaccharides, amyloid, pigments, lipids, nerves, and the diffuse neuroendocrine system, alongside cytology, cytochemistry and cytogenetics. Part III introduces advanced and special techniques including enzyme and lectin histochemistry, immunocytochemistry for stem cells, electron microscopy (SEM/TEM), confocal microscopy, and entry-level molecular analysis (PCR, PCR-RFLP), capped with a concise guide to commonly used special stains and necropsy examination.

Designed for undergraduates, scholars, anatomy and pathology instructors, and laboratory personnel, the book emphasizes reproducible results, specimen integrity, and pedagogical utility in teaching museums.

The protocol-driven coverage, authored by subject specialists, supports ICAR-aligned practical training and day-to-day lab workflows—from gross preparation to ultrastructural and molecular visualization—making it a single, dependable bench reference for veterinary anatomy and histology.

Pawan Kumar, Professor, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Lala Lajpat Rai Univerity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hissar, Harayana, India

Dr. Pawan Kumar, presently serving as Professor, is a distinguished academician and researcher in the field of veterinary anatomy, with an illustrious career spanning more than three decades. His journey of excellence began early, marked by outstanding academic achievements, including securing top positions and being awarded the prestigious Dr. V.D. Kashyap Gold Medal, Fellow, National Academy of Veterinary Sciences(I), Fellow, Indian Association of Veterinary Anatomists.

Dr. Kumar enhanced his scientific expertise through post-doctoral research in the USA, where he worked on Streptococcus equi infection in horses, contributing significantly to the understanding of equine health. His commitment to education and innovation is reflected in his pioneering teaching methodologies, preparation of unique anatomical specimens, most notably the skeleton of a Siberian crane, and the modernization of anatomy museums to enhance student learning.

A dedicated researcher, Dr. Kumar has made remarkable contributions to the study of domestic animals, including the discovery of M-cells and P-cells, which have enriched the understanding of veterinary histology and immunology. His scholarship is further evidenced by over 200 research papers published in reputed journals and the successful guidance of numerous postgraduate and doctoral research projects.

With more than 15 awards and gold medals to his credit, Dr. Kumar is widely recognized for his academic leadership and scientific contributions. He has also been entrusted with confidential assignments, served as an external examiner for various universities, and played a key leadership role in the Indian Association of Veterinary Anatomists (IAVA), earning respect in the global veterinary anatomy community.

Through his lifelong dedication to teaching, research, and institutional development, Dr. Pawan Kumar continues to inspire students, colleagues, and the veterinary profession at large. His editorial stewardship of this book reflects both his scholarly depth and his vision for advancing veterinary anatomy and histology in the modern era.

Chapter 1. Embalming of Animals - P.V.S. Kishore

Chapter 2. Collection And Preparation of Bones for Osteological Study Purposes - Archana Pathak, M.M. Farooqui and Ajay Prakash

Chapter 3. Biomechanical Techniques in Veterinary Science - Subhash C. Dubal and D.M. Bhayani

Chapter 4. Biometry and Micrometry Practices in Veterinary Anatomy - Kamal Sarma

Chapter 5. Staining Procedures for Whole Brain and its Sections - S.P. Ingole

Chapter  6. Taxidermy: The Life After Death - Santosh A. Gaikwad

Chapter  7. An Alternative Method of Specimen Preparation-Anatomical Teaching Tools - R. Menaka and S. Chaurasia

Chapter  8. Protocol for Preservation of Gross Specimens by Glycerin Method - M.H. Girish, K. Manjunatha, R.V.  Prasad and K.V. Jamuna

Chapter 9. How to Develop an Anatomy Museum - Rakhi Vaish, Payal Jain and Nidhi Gupta

Chapter 10. Estimation of Embryonic/Foetal Age for Developmental Anatomy Research - Prabhakar Kumar and M.M. Farooqui

Histological Techniques

Chapter  11. Routine Paraffin Wax Embedding Technique - P.C. Kalita and Arup Kalita

Chapter 12. Sectioning for Light-Microscopy (Paraffin Blocks) - S. Usha Kumary

Chapter 13. Procedures for Bone Tissue - Paramasivan, S. and Sivagnanam, S.

Chapter 14. Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining Techniques - Rajesh Rajput and Virender Pathak

Chapter 15. Fixation of Eye Ball and Special Staining - Rakesh Kumar Baraihya and Pawan Kumar

Chapter 16. Staining Protocols for Connective Tissue Fibers - Balwant Meshram

Chapter 17. Histochemical Techniques for Mucopolysaccharides - Pawan Kumar and Varinder Uppal

Chapter 18. Histological Staining Techniques for Amyloid - Sanjay Kumar Bharti and Avnish Kumar Gautam

Chapter 19. Methods for Lipids/Fat - Vishnudeo Kumar, Anil Sharma, K.N. Vyas and Y.L. Vyas

Chapter 20. Techniques for Nerve Cells and Fibers- Partha Das and Pawan Kumar

Chapter 21. Demonstration of the Diffuse Neuroendocrine System - U.K. Mishra

Chapter 22. Staining Methods for Pigments - Ganga Naik, S. and Pawan Kumar

Chapter 23. Miscellaneous Histological Techniques - Pawan Kumar, Shailja Bansal and Shikha Saini

Chapter 24. Histological Techniques for Endocrine Organs - Massarat Khan, Andleeb Rafiq and Nuzhat Nasar

Chapter  25. Cytological, Cytochemical and Cytogenymic Staining Methods for Blood Cells - Suresh Mehta and Ishwar Singh

Chapter 26. Natural Alternatives to Histological Staining Techniques - Amit Mitra and R. Partra

Special Techniques

Chapter 27. Enzyme Histochemistry for Tissues - Varinder Uppal, Neelam Bansal, Anuradha Gupta, Opinder Singh and Devendra Pathak

Chapter 28. Lectin Histochemistry - S. Mayya, K.M. Lasey, K.K. Jayavardhanan, N. Ashok, V.R. Indu, A.R. Sreeranjini, N.S. Sunilkumar and K.B. Suma

Chapter 29. Sample Preparation for Scanning Electron Microscopy - Balwinder Singh Dhote

Chapter 30. Transmission Electron Microscopy: A Technique for Subcellular Study of Organs - Pawan Kumar

Chapter 31. Confocal Microscopy - P. Jagapathi Ramayya and T.S. Chandshekaran Rao

Chapter 32. Protocol for Immunocytochemical Staining of Stem Cells - T.A. Kannam and Geetha Ramesh

Chapter 33. Nanotechnology - V. Nagamalayandi

Chapter 34. Molecular Analysis of Gene by PCR and PCR-RFLP - Lasey, K.M., Mayya, S., Annie, V.R., Ashok, N., Ranjani, C.V., Leena, C., Patki, H. S. and Sariyith, K. P.

Chapter 35. Commonly used Special Stains in Pathology Laboratory - K.K. Avari and Rakesh Kumar

Chapter 36. Necropsy Examination Techniques - Rakesh Kumar, K.K. Avari and Naresh Jindal