Fundamentals of Plant Biotechnology provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles, tools, and applications of modern plant biotechnology with special emphasis on agricultural and industrial applications. The book explains the fundamental concepts of plant cell biology, DNA structure, gene expression, and molecular biology that form the basis of biotechnology.

The text systematically covers molecular tools such as restriction enzymes, vectors, gene cloning techniques, recombinant screening, and gene transfer methods used in genetic engineering. Advanced topics including transgenic plants, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, molecular markers, genomic and cDNA libraries, and biosafety regulations are presented in a simple and student-friendly manner.

Special emphasis is given to plant tissue culture techniques including micropropagation, organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, embryo rescue, synthetic seeds, cryopreservation, and somatic hybridization, highlighting their role in crop improvement and sustainable agriculture. Designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, and educators, this book serves as a valuable resource for understanding modern plant biotechnology and its applications in crop enhancement, genetic improvement, and agricultural innovation.

Chapter 1. Introduction to Plant Biotechnology
Chapter 2. Concepts and Applications
Chapter 3. Plant Cell Structure and Function
Chapter 4. DNA Structure and Function
Chapter 5. Gene Expression Overview
Chapter 6. Enzymes in Biotechnology
Chapter 7. Vectors in Gene Cloning
Chapter 8. Gene Cloning Steps
Chapter 9. Screening of Recombinants
Chapter 10. Gene Transfer Methods
Chapter 11. Transgenic Plants
Chapter 12. Applications of Transgenics
Chapter 13. Gene Editing Technologies
Chapter 14. Genomic Libraries
Chapter 15. cDNA Libraries and Cloning
Chapter 16. Biosafety in Biotechnology
Chapter 17. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)
Chapter 18. Molecular Markers
Chapter 19. Tissue Culture Basics
Chapter 20. Advanced Tissue Culture Applications